Publication Ethics

Publication Ethics

Ethical Principles and Responsibilities for Scholarly Publishing

JURIBMAS is committed to maintaining integrity, transparency, fairness, and accountability throughout the scholarly publishing process. All authors, editors, reviewers, and other parties involved in the publication process are expected to uphold recognized standards of publication ethics and responsible research conduct.

This policy is informed by the principles and guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Ethical principles are applied in a manner appropriate to the journal's scope, editorial procedures, and applicable institutional requirements.

1. Responsibilities of Authors

Authors submitting manuscripts to JURIBMAS are responsible for ensuring that:

• The submitted work is original and has been prepared with appropriate acknowledgment of all sources.
• The manuscript is not under consideration by another journal and has not been published previously in substantially the same form, except where prior dissemination has been disclosed and permitted by the journal.
• All individuals listed as authors have made meaningful scholarly contributions, have approved the final manuscript, and agree to its submission.
• Sources, quotations, data, images, and other third-party materials are properly cited and used with permission where required.
• Research findings, data, and results are reported accurately. Fabrication, falsification, and misleading presentation of results are unacceptable.
• Relevant funding sources, conflicts of interest, and applicable ethical approvals are disclosed.
• Any significant error identified after submission or publication is promptly communicated to the editorial team.

2. Responsibilities of Editors

• Editors evaluate manuscripts based on scholarly merit, relevance to the journal's scope, originality, methodological soundness, and compliance with publication policies.
• Editorial decisions must be made fairly, without discrimination based on personal characteristics, institutional affiliation, nationality, or personal relationships.
• Confidential information concerning submitted manuscripts must not be disclosed to unauthorized individuals.
• Editors must identify, disclose, and appropriately manage conflicts of interest.
• Editors must not use unpublished information from submitted manuscripts for their own research or personal advantage without appropriate authorization.
• Editors should investigate credible allegations of misconduct and take appropriate action when ethical concerns arise.

3. Responsibilities of Reviewers

• Reviewers must provide objective, constructive, evidence-based, and timely assessments of manuscripts.
• Reviewers should evaluate the quality, originality, relevance, and methodological rigor of the submitted work.
• Reviewers must maintain the confidentiality of manuscripts and review materials.
• Reviewers must disclose any conflict of interest and decline a review when impartiality cannot reasonably be maintained.
• Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited and notify editors of suspected plagiarism, duplicate publication, or other ethical concerns.
• Reviewers must not use unpublished ideas, data, or findings obtained through peer review for personal or professional benefit.

4. Plagiarism, Duplicate Publication, and Research Misconduct

JURIBMAS does not tolerate plagiarism, self-plagiarism that constitutes redundant publication, duplicate submission, data fabrication, data falsification, citation manipulation, or other forms of research and publication misconduct.

Manuscripts may be screened using appropriate similarity-detection tools and assessed by the editorial team. A similarity score is an indicator for review, not an automatic determination of plagiarism; the nature, context, attribution, and extent of matching text must be considered.

When concerns arise, the journal may request an explanation or supporting evidence, suspend editorial processing, reject the manuscript, or take appropriate post-publication action. Serious concerns may be referred to the relevant institution or organization where appropriate.

5. Authorship and Acknowledgments

Authorship must reflect substantial contributions to the work and accountability for the published content. Individuals who do not meet the journal's applicable authorship criteria should be acknowledged appropriately, with their consent where applicable.

Requests to add, remove, or reorder authors after submission must be justified and approved by the editorial team. Confirmation from all affected authors may be required before a change is considered.

6. Conflicts of Interest and Funding Disclosure

Authors, editors, and reviewers must disclose financial, professional, institutional, personal, or other relationships that could reasonably influence—or be perceived to influence—their work or decisions.

Authors must identify relevant funding sources and disclose the role of funders, where applicable. The editorial team will assess disclosed conflicts and determine appropriate measures, including reassignment of editorial responsibility or reviewer replacement when necessary.

7. Research Ethics and Human Participants

Research involving human participants, personal data, or animals must comply with applicable laws, institutional requirements, and recognized ethical standards.

Where applicable, authors must provide information about ethics committee approval, informed consent, participant confidentiality, and safeguards for personal data. The journal may request documentation or clarification when necessary. Authors must not claim ethical approval that was not obtained.

8. Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

AI-assisted tools may be used for appropriate tasks such as language improvement, organization, or technical assistance, provided that their use does not compromise research integrity, confidentiality, or originality.

• AI tools cannot be listed as authors because they cannot take responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and accountability of the work.
• Authors remain fully responsible for all submitted content, including references, data, analyses, images, and statements produced or assisted by AI tools.
• Material use of generative AI in preparing a manuscript should be disclosed in accordance with the journal's applicable AI policy and submission instructions.
• AI tools must not be used to fabricate data, invent references, generate misleading evidence, or conceal plagiarism.
• Editors and reviewers must not upload confidential manuscript content to AI services that are not authorized for such use or that may compromise confidentiality.

9. Peer Review Integrity

Manuscripts are subject to editorial assessment and peer review in accordance with the journal's published Peer Review Process. Reviewer selection should consider relevant expertise, independence, and potential conflicts of interest.

Attempts to manipulate peer review, including providing false reviewer identities, coercing reviewers, or interfering improperly with editorial decisions, are considered serious ethical concerns and may result in rejection or further investigation.

10. Corrections, Retractions, and Expressions of Concern

JURIBMAS is committed to maintaining the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record. When significant errors or credible allegations of misconduct arise, the editorial team will assess the available evidence and determine an appropriate response.

• Correction: May be issued when a published article contains an error that can be corrected without invalidating its overall findings or conclusions.
• Retraction: May be considered when findings are unreliable, publication misconduct is established, or other serious circumstances undermine the integrity of the article.
• Expression of Concern: May be issued when substantial concerns exist but an investigation is incomplete or the available evidence is insufficient for a final decision.

Decisions should be based on evidence, documented appropriately, and communicated transparently to readers. Relevant notices should be linked to the affected article whenever technically possible.

11. Complaints and Allegations of Misconduct

Complaints concerning editorial decisions, publication procedures, or alleged ethical misconduct should be submitted to the journal through its official contact channels. Complaints should provide sufficient details and supporting information for assessment.

The editorial team will review concerns fairly and confidentially to the extent possible, provide relevant parties with an opportunity to respond where appropriate, and take action proportionate to the evidence. Matters involving potential institutional misconduct may be referred to the relevant institution or authority.

12. Editorial Independence and Confidentiality

Editorial decisions should be based on scholarly and ethical considerations rather than commercial, financial, or personal interests. Manuscripts, reviewer identities where confidential, editorial correspondence, and unpublished information must be handled securely and disclosed only to authorized parties, subject to applicable policies and legal obligations.

13. Ethical Enforcement

Allegations of ethical misconduct will be assessed in a fair, proportionate, and evidence-based manner. Depending on the circumstances and seriousness of the issue, actions may include:

• Requesting clarification, source files, data, or supporting documentation.
• Requiring revisions or additional ethical disclosures.
• Rejecting a manuscript or suspending the editorial process while concerns are investigated.
• Publishing a correction, expression of concern, or retraction where justified.
• Notifying relevant institutions or organizations when appropriate and consistent with applicable obligations.

Any action taken should be proportionate to the findings and intended to protect the integrity of the scholarly record.

Ethical Guidance and References

• Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) — guidance on publication ethics, misconduct, corrections, and retractions.
• COPE Guidance — resources for editors, reviewers, and publishers.

JURIBMAS is committed to responsible scholarly communication and the integrity of the academic record.